Timeline

جدول زمانی

Here are some key events and dates leading up to the collapse of the Afghan government and the Taliban's recapture of power in August 2021.

2021–2019:

Failure and Collapse

August 15, 2021: The Taliban seizes Kabul, the last outpost of the Afghan government.

U.S. Air Force photo by Master Sgt. Donald R. Allen

July 2021: U.S. forces leave Bagram Airfield.

May 2021: The Taliban begins to make steady gains in territory.

April 14, 2021: The U.S. announces withdrawal of all troops.

2020: Ashraf Ghani wins a second term as president, amidst continued flares of violence across the country.

D Photo UNAMA / Nasir Waqif

2019–2014:

The Shift to Negotiations

September 2018: Zalmay Khalilzad begins work as the U.S. Special Representative for Afghan Reconciliation. He leads American negotiations with the Taliban.

January 2015: NATO launches the Resolute Support Mission to aid Afghan forces, as conflict with the Taliban persists.

NATO

2014–2001:

Intervention

2013: The Afghan army takes over national security from NATO forces.

Specialist 1st Class Elizabeth Thompson

October 2004: Afghanistan conducts a direct presidential election for the first time in its history.

UN Photo/Fardin Waezi

October 7, 2001: U.S.-led coalition begins military intervention in Afghanistan.

Sgt. Ken Scar/US Army

September 11, 2001: Al-Qaeda targets New York City and the Washington metropolitan area in terrorist attacks.

March 2001: The Taliban destroys two ancient Buddha statues in Bamiyan.

Sgt. Ken Scar

2001–1996:

The First Regime

October 1999: The U.N. Security Council imposes its first sanctions on the Taliban and al-Qaeda.

1997: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates become the only three countries to extend official recognition to the regime.

September 1996: The Taliban comes into power and imposes strict rules on women.

Courtesy Roger Lemoyne

May 1996: Osama bin Laden arrives in Afghanistan.